Assessment Of Intracoronal Bleaching's Impact On Teeth Stained By Triple Antibiotic Paste : An In Vitro Study
Keywords:
nti-bacterial agent, bleaching agents, carbamide peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, tooth discoloration.Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of intracoronal bleaching agents (IBA) on discolored teeth with triple-antibiotic paste (TAP). Twenty-six extracted maxillary incisors were discolored for 3 weeks with TAP, containing metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline. Following CIE L*a*b* system, colors were measured at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 weeks. Specimens, bleached intracoronally, were randomly divided into two groups (n = 13): 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and 37% carbamide peroxide (CP). Color changes (ΔE) were based on the spectrophotometric measurements at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 9th days and analyzed using analysis of variance, Bonferroni, and Student t-tests (p < 0.05). The discoloration increased from baseline to week 3 with significant difference (p < 0.05). The highest ΔE value was observed at week 3 (16.54 ± 5.90). In HP, there was no significant difference on the 6th day compared to the 3rd day (p > 0.05), but a significant difference on the 9th day (p < 0.05). In CP, ΔE was not statistically different among evaluated days. On day 9, HP had a significantly higher ΔE than CP (p = 0.032).
Downloads
References
Sulieman MA. An overview of tooth-bleaching techniques: chemistry, safety and efficacy.
Periodontology 2008; 48: 148−69.
Frank AC, Kanzow P, Rödig T, et al. Comparison of the bleaching efficacy of different
agents used for internal bleaching: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod 2022; 48:
−8.
Poyser NJ, Kelleher MG, Briggs PF. Managing discoloured non-vital teeth: the
inside/outside bleaching technique. Dent Update 2004; 31: 204−14.
Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, et al. Porcelain veneers: a review of the
literature. J Dent 2000; 28: 163−77.
Abbott P, Heah SYS. Internal bleaching of teeth: an analysis of 255 teeth. Aust Dent J
: 54: 326−33.
Zimmerli B, Jeger F, Lussi A. Bleaching of nonvital teeth. A clinically relevant literature
review. Schweiz MonatsschrZahnmed 2010; 120: 306–20.
Attin T, Paque F, Ajam F, et al. Review of the current status of tooth whitening with the
walking bleach technique. Int Endod J 2003; 36: 313–29.
Brown G. Factors influencing successful bleaching of the discolored root-filled tooth. Oral
Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1965; 20: 238−44.
Plotino G, Buono L, Grande NM, et al. Nonvital tooth bleaching: a review of the literature
and clinical procedures. J Endod 2008; 34: 394−407.
Krastl G, Allgayer N, Lenherr P, et al. Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic
materials: a literature review. Dent Traumatol 2013; 29: 2−7.
Nosrat A, Homayounfar N, Oloomi K. Drawbacks and unfavorable outcomes of
regenerative endodontic treatments of necrotic immature teeth: a literature review and report
of a case. J Endod 2012; 38: 1428−34.
Kahler B, Rossi-Fedele G. A review of tooth discoloration after regenerative endodontic
therapy. J Endod 2016; 42: 563−9.
Kim SG, Malek M, Sigurdsson A, et al. Regenerative end-odontics: a comprehensive
review. Int Endod J 2018; 51: 1367−88.
Berman LH, Hargreaves KH. Regenerative endodontics. In: Rostein I, editor. Cohen’s
Pathways of the Pulp. 12th ed. Canada: Elsevier; 2021. p. 476.
Fouad AF. Microbial factors and antimicrobial strategies in dental pulp regeneration. J
Endod 2017; 43: 46–50.
Kim D, Kim E. Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in
root canal treatment: a literature review - part I. In vitro studies. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:
−52.
Hoshino E, Kurihara‐Ando N, Sato I, et al. In‐vitro antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria
taken from infected rootdentine to a mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and
minocycline. Int Endod J 1996; 29: 125−30.
American Association of Endodontists (AAE). AAE Clinical Considerations for a
Regenerative Procedure.
Kahler B. Present status and future directions–managing discoloured teeth. Int Endod J
; 55 Suppl 4: 922−50.
Rotstein I, Zalkind M, Mor C, et al. In vitro efficacy of sodium perborate preparations
used for intracoronal bleaching of discolored non-vital teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991; 7:
80.
Non-vital tooth whitening. In: Kwon SR, Ko SH, Greenwall LH, editors. Tooth
Whitening in Esthetic Dentistry. Principles and Techniques. Surrey, UK: Quintessence
Publishing Co, Ltd; 2009. p. 25−44.
Friedman S, Rotstein I, Libfeld H, et al. Incidence of external root resorption and esthetic
results in 58 bleached pulpless teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988; 4: 23−6.
Li Y, Greenwall L. Safety issues of tooth whitening usingperoxide-based materials. Br
Dent J 2013; 215: 29−34.
Yasa B, Arslan H, Akcay M, et al. Comparison of bleachingefficacy of two bleaching
agents on teeth discoloured by different antibiotic combinations used in revascularization.
Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19: 1437−42. [CrossRef ]
Santos LGPD, Chisini LA, Springmann CG, et al. Alternative to avoid tooth discoloration
after regenerative endodontic procedure: a systematic review. Braz Dent J 2018; 29: 409−18.
Fundaoğlu Küçükekenci F, Çakici F, Küçükekenci AS. Spectrophotometric analysis of
discoloration and internal bleaching after use of different antibiotic pastes. Clin Oral Investig
; 23: 161−7.
Kirchhoff AL, Raldi DP, Salles AC, et al. Tooth discolouration and internal bleaching
after the use of triple antibiotic paste. Int Endod J 2015; 48: 1181−7.
Iriboz E, Öztürk BA, Körklü S, et al. Comparison of intracoronal bleaching methods on
teeth discolored by different antibiotic pastes. Niger J Clin Prac 2017; 20: 700−6.
Nagendrababu V, Murray PE, Ordinola-Zapata R, et al. PRILE 2021 guidelines for
reporting laboratory studies in Endodontology: a consensus based development. Int Endod J
; 54: 1482−90.
Greenwall-Cohen J, Greenwall LH. The single discoloured tooth: vital and non-vital
bleaching techniques. Br Dent J 2019; 226: 839−49.
Parhizkar A, Nojehdehian H, Asgary S. Triple antibioticpaste: momentous roles and
applications in endodontics: a review. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 43: e28.
Kahler B, Rossi-Fedele G. A review of tooth discoloration after regenerative endodontic
therapy. J Endod 2016; 42: 563–9.
Chng HK, Palamara JE, Messer HH. Effect of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate
on biomechanical properties of human dentin. J Endod 2002; 28, 62−7.
Heling I, Parson A, Rotstein I. Effect of bleaching agents on dentin permeability to
Streptococcus faecalis. J Endod 1995; 21: 540−2.
Khokhar ZA, Razzoog ME, Yaman P. Color stability of restorative resins. Quintessence
Int 1991; 22: 733−7.
Venkataraman M, Singhal S, Tikku AP, et al. Comparative analysis of tooth discoloration
induced by conventional and modified triple antibiotic pastes used in regenerative
endodontics. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30: 933−6.
Parikh AA, Nirupama DN, Naveen DN, et al. Spectrophotometric analysis of crown
discoloration induced by various intracanal medicaments: an in vitro study. Endodontology
; 33: 149−52.
Akcay M, Arslan H, Yasa B, et al. Spectrophotometric analysis of crown discoloration
induced by various antibiotic pastes used in revascularization. J Endod 2014; 40: 845−8.
Schilke R, Lisson JA, Bauss O, et al. Comparison of the number and diameter of dentinal
tubules in human and bovine dentine by scanning electron microscopic investigation. Arch
Oral Biol 2000; 45: 355–61.
Kwon SR, Wert PW. Review of the mechanism of tooth whitening, J Esthet Restor Dent
; 27: 240–57.
Lim MY, Lum SO, Poh RS, et al. An in vitro comparison of the bleaching efficacy of 35%
carbamide peroxide with established intracoronal bleaching agents. Int Endod J 2004; 37:
−8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
